The progenoate is said to be the very first cell to have existed or appeared. This completes the cell theory that cells come from other cells.

The progenoate is said to have existed about 3.5 billion years ago while the first unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes appeared about 1.4 and 0.7 billion years ago respectively.

Protoplasma also know as protoplasm is the colourless material comprising the living part of a cell. It is this composed of the cytoplasm, nucleus and other cell organelles.

This is a piece of DNA that has been produced artificially in the laboratory. It could comprise of one artificial and one natural strand of DNA or probably both strands being artificial.

These are enzymes used in genetic engineering to cleave/cut DNA into small, shorter and simpler units.

This is a prifession resulting from the study of biology principally where an individual operates on an individual by surgical (tearing open) means. 

It is a specialty in the field of medicine. Professionals in surgery are called Surgeons.

Virology is the branch of biology that studies viruses. 

By etymology, virology can be split into "viro" for viruses and "logy" for study or science. Hence virology is the science of viruses.

Zoology is that branch of biology that studies animals only.